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Topical minoxidil solution (1% and 5%) in the treatment of alopecia areata.

Title Abreviation: J Am Acad Dermatol		Date of Pub: 1987 Mar
Author: Fiedler-Weiss VC;
Issue/Part/Supplement: 3 Pt 2	Volume Issue: 16		Pagination: 745-8
MESH Headings: Administration, Topical; Alopecia Areata (DT); Clinical Trials; Comparative Study; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Human; Minoxidil* (*TU); -RN-;
Journal Title Code: HVG	Publication Type: CLINICAL TRIAL
Date of Entry: 870429N	Entry Month: 8707
Country: UNITED STATES	Index Priority: 2
Language: Eng	Unique Identifier: 87166921
Unique Identifier: 87166921	ISSN: 0190-9622
Abstract: Topical minoxidil solution can induce hair regrowth in alopecia areata. A dose-response effect was demonstrated when 48 patients treated with topical 1% minoxidil were compared with 47 patients treated with topical 5% minoxidil. A total of 66 patients were enrolled, 26 of them participating in both study groups. Patients with extensive (75% or greater) scalp hairloss showed a response rate of 38%, defined as terminal hair regrowth, with 1% minoxidil versus an 81% response rate with 5% minoxidil. The current 2% formulation is most likely to elicit cosmetically acceptable regrowth in those with patchy alopecia areata. Occlusion of the treated area appears to be necessary to achieve and maintain maximum results. Nonresponders are most likely to be found among those with the most extensive scalp hairloss. No other clinical features correlate with response to treatment. However, a finding of increased T cell blastogenesis before treatment may predict response. In patients with severe alopecia areata, hairloss generally recurs after treatment is stopped and may recur during treatment. Systemic absorption of topically applied and occluded minoxidil solutions (1% and 5%) was minimal; no clinically significant changes in blood pressure, weight, cardiovascular status, electrocardiogram, electrolytes, complete blood count, or urinalysis were seen. Mild local irritation occurred, and two of the 66 patients developed allergic contact dermatitis to minoxidil, as confirmed by patch tests.
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